"The 'do no harm' principle specifies that all humanitarian actions must not cause direct harm to affected parties in the immediate or foreseeable term. 

In contrast, the 'harm minimization' principle recognizes that in humanitarian crises, some degree of harm may be unavoidable. It focuses on choosing the course of action that results in the least overall harm to all affected parties."

An Advance Care Directive (ACD) is a legal document in which a person of sound mind specifies what actions should be taken for their health if they are no longer able to make decisions for themselves (because of illness or incapacity). Doctors are legally required to uphold the instructions of an ACD, irrespective of their professional medical opinions.

Crisis pregnancy centers, or pregnancy centers, are organizations that aim to prevent abortions by persuading women to consider adoption or parenting instead. CPCs target mostly women with unintended pregnancies who might be considering abortion by giving the impression that they are clinical centers that offer legitimate medical services. However, most of the existing CPCs are unregulated and are exempt from licensure and credentialing oversight that health care facilities need to comply.

"The 'do no harm' principle specifies that all humanitarian actions must not cause direct harm to affected parties in the immediate or foreseeable term. 

In contrast, the 'harm minimization' principle recognizes that in humanitarian crises, some degree of harm may be unavoidable. It focuses on choosing the course of action that results in the least overall harm to all affected parties."

An Advance Care Directive (ACD) is a legal document in which a person of sound mind specifies what actions should be taken for their health if they are no longer able to make decisions for themselves (because of illness or incapacity). Doctors are legally required to uphold the instructions of an ACD, irrespective of their professional medical opinions.

Crisis pregnancy centers, or pregnancy centers, are organizations that aim to prevent abortions by persuading women to consider adoption or parenting instead. CPCs target mostly women with unintended pregnancies who might be considering abortion by giving the impression that they are clinical centers that offer legitimate medical services. However, most of the existing CPCs are unregulated and are exempt from licensure and credentialing oversight that health care facilities need to comply.

A closed shop agreement is a form of union security agreement under which only union members can be hired and employees must remain members of the union at all times to remain employed.

An open shop agreement is an agreement under which one is not required to join or financially support a union (closed shop) as a condition of hiring or continued employment.

"Moral relativism is the idea that moral judgments and ethical standards are not universal but vary across different cultures, societies, or individuals. This perspective argues that what is considered 'right' or 'wrong' is shaped by cultural norms and personal beliefs, meaning there is no absolute moral truth or an objectively better moral theory."

For the purpose of this debate golden rule means “do unto others as you would have them do unto you."

STLC stands for Short-Term Learning and Certification.E.g. Harvard University's short courses in leadership and data science, MIT's short-term programs through MIT Professional Education, and online platforms like Coursera and Udemy offering a wide range of subjects from business to programming, often in partnership with universities.

A return-of-service agreement is an arrangement by which the state offers free or subsidized education for qualified students in exchange of them working for the state under the appropriate government agency for a certain number of years.