Some Christian denominations are characterised by decentralised structures, flexible doctrine, and charismatic leadership, often operating independently or through loose associations (e.g., Pentecostal and Evangelical churches). These denominations tend to rely on market-based growth strategies such as merchanidising and franchising. In contrast, hierarchical churches like the Anglican and Catholic Churches operate through formal, centralised institutions with standardised doctrine, rigid clerical hierarchies, and long-standing governance structures.